Triumph Foods v. Campbell, Case No. 24-1759 (1st Cir. 2025).
State laws prohibiting sale of products from animals confined in specified conditions do not violate the dormant Commerce Clause where they apply neutrally to in-state and out-of-state commerce without discriminatory purpose or effect, and economic burdens cannot be weighed against noneconomic state benefits under the Pike balancing test as established in National Pork.
Zesty Paws v. Nutramax Laboratories, Case No. 24-1810 (2d Cir. 2025).
Under the Lanham Act’s literal falsity standard, advertising claims are not unambiguously false where language is susceptible to more than one reasonable interpretation, requiring courts to analyze whether a reasonable consumer could understand the challenged statement in multiple ways rather than merely determining whether one interpretation is factually incorrect.
deWet v. Rollyson, Case No. 24-1534 (4th Cir. 2025).
Qualified immunity applies when the specific constitutional duty allegedly violated (e.g., proper notice during tax deed sales) was not clearly established at the time of the challenged conduct, even where general constitutional principles regarding procedural due process in property takings were well-settled.
Gould v. Interface, Inc., Case No. 23-12882 (11th Cir. 2025).
A party who advances a different interpretation of a legal instrument on appeal than argued in the trial court forfeits the new argument if the fundamental change in contractual interpretation crosses from permissible argument refinement into impermissible position switch.
Devengoechea v. Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, Case No. 24-10029 (11th Cir. 2025).
The Federal Rules of Civil Procedure do not permit trial in absentia against civil defendants, including foreign sovereigns, and the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act requires compliance with Rule 55 default judgment procedures when a defendant fails to defend.
Deutsche Telekom, A.G. v. Republic of India, Case No. 24-7081 (D.C. Cir. 2025).
Under the FSIA arbitration exception and New York Convention enforcement framework, colorable immunity defenses regarding covered investors and investments under bilateral investment treaties do not deprive district courts of jurisdiction to determine confirmation but require merits consideration before confirmation of arbitral awards.
