Mobilization Funding, LLC v. Stokes, Case No. 25-1050 (4th Cir. 2025).
A third-party complaint is properly dismissed for lack of personal jurisdiction where the defendant general contractor maintained no affiliation with the forum state and the opposing parties failed to establish either general or specific jurisdiction based on unilateral conduct of non-signatories to contractual arrangements.
Milliken v. Bank of America, N.A., Case No. 24-4498 (9th Cir. 2025).
A variable-rate credit card agreement that calculates interest rates by adding the U.S. Prime Rate to a constant margin complies with the Credit Card Accountability Responsibility and Disclosure Act, where the Prime Rate constitutes an index not under the creditor's control and is available to the general public.
Daisey Trust v. Federal Housing Finance Agency, Case No. 24-6433 (9th Cir. 2025).
The Federal Housing Finance Agency's funding mechanism of assessments imposed on the entities it regulates satisfies the Appropriations Clause by identifying both a source of funds and a designated purpose for expenditure, and the agency's statutory constraint to collect only "reasonable costs" constitutes an intelligible principle satisfying the nondelegation doctrine.
